Many people have a main misconception about quantum teleportation. And that is that it allows for us to teleport matter over distances. However, what is teleported in QT is not matter but actually quantum information such as the exact state of an atom. This uses two types of communication methods: classical and quantum entanglement (which is what we discussed in the previous post). However, in contrast to quantum entanglement's apparent ability to transmit information significantly faster than the speed of light, quantum teleportation cannot do this because of this reliance on classical communications. Quantum information differs very much from classical information in many ways. It cannot be copied or destroyed due to the no-cloning and the no-deleting theorem and as a byproduct of the no cloning theorem, it cannot be broadcast (be sent to multiple recipients at once). A qubit, which is used to code quantum information is continuous valued, not discrete like classical information (1 or 0 for binary).
In order for qubits to be transported, an entangled quantum state needs to be created and its the two daughter particles to be shared between the source and destination. This means that there is, in essence, a quantum channel created between the two sites before a qubit is moved. This then needs a classical communication link as well in order to transmit two classical bits to accompany every qubit. This is why the teleportation cannot exceed light speed. The qubits teleported so far have have been the electronic state of electron shells around a nucleus and the qubits in the nucleus itself and the the state of the particles. But there are no particles being teleported. it is only the information about the state. Therefore, there need to be the required amount of atoms in the destination in order to have the qubits given to them and have them assume the quantum state of the previous atom.
So far, scientists have only been able to teleport the quantum information between two entangled atoms but nothing at the size of a molecule or above has been achieved.
In order for qubits to be transported, an entangled quantum state needs to be created and its the two daughter particles to be shared between the source and destination. This means that there is, in essence, a quantum channel created between the two sites before a qubit is moved. This then needs a classical communication link as well in order to transmit two classical bits to accompany every qubit. This is why the teleportation cannot exceed light speed. The qubits teleported so far have have been the electronic state of electron shells around a nucleus and the qubits in the nucleus itself and the the state of the particles. But there are no particles being teleported. it is only the information about the state. Therefore, there need to be the required amount of atoms in the destination in order to have the qubits given to them and have them assume the quantum state of the previous atom.
So far, scientists have only been able to teleport the quantum information between two entangled atoms but nothing at the size of a molecule or above has been achieved.
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